Saturday, June 11th, is King Kamehameha Day, and our offices will be closed in observance tomorrow, June 10th. As Sunetric joins the residents of Hawai‘i in reflecting upon our heritage, we’d like to share with you a story that speaks to our Hawaiian history of innovation, forward thinking about energy, and a deep connection to the ʻāina.
Ahead of the Pack and Renewably Powered
The Hawaiian Kingdom first saw electricity under a different monarch: King David Kalākaua. With the addition of electric lights to Iolani Palace in 1886, Iolani Palace became the first royal residence in the world to be electrically lit, long before even the White House had moved beyond gas lamps!
In the late 1870s, talk of a thing called ’electricity’ had hit fever pitch, and King Kalākaua was interested in seeing how it might be applied in practical way. In 1881, Kalākaua met Thomas Edison himself in New York City. Five years later, a insurance executive in Honolulu named Charles Otto Berger arranged a demonstration of electric light at Iolani Palace, the residence of the King. On the night of July 26th, 1886, Her Royal Highness the Princess Liliuokalani and Her Royal Highness the Princess Likelike held a tea party, the Royal Hawaiian Military Band played, and military corps marched. Hawaii residents traveled from all over the island to witness the glow of Iolani palace, bathed in new electric light.
A few months passed. David Bowers Smith, a businessman hailing from North Carolina and living in Hawaii, finally convinced King David Kalākaua to put an electrical system in place at Iolani Palace — a small steam engine combined with a dynamo to power incandescent lamps. On the 16th of November of that same year (1886), Iolani Palace became the world’s first electrically lit royal residence.
Shortly thereafter, the government looked into building a power plant to light the streets of Honolulu. The plant was built in Nuuanu Valley and used flowing water to drive its turbines — a very early example of renewable energy powering Hawaii. The streets were first lit in March of 1888. The year 1890 saw a few homes and businesses with electricity, and a year later, nearly 800 of Honolulu’s homes were electrically powered.
The White House finally saw electricity the following year, in 1891. Even then, the exclusive use of electricity was rare, and President Harrison and the First Lady wouldn’t use the switches themselves — fearing shock, domestic staff took care of the lights.
Hawaii: A History of Progressive Energy Policy
Following Kalākaua’s early adoption of electric technoloy, Hawaii continued to innovate.
The islands’ sugar plantations used the byproducts of the sugar cane harvest to generate electricity for the operations, and even sold their surplus electricity back to the utility. ’Bagasse‘, the fibrous leftover of sugarcane processing, was used to generate heat and power and was Hawaii’s primary renewable energy resource as of 1980.
When oil prices spiked in the 1980s, the Hawaii state government sought to implement renewable energy production throughout the island of Oahu. In addition to solar water heaters, wind turbines, hydroelectricity, the state began exploratory implementations of geothermal wells and biomass power generation. Remarkably, alternative and renewable energy sources made up between 40 and 50 percent of the island’s electricity in the early 1980s.
Hawaii Must Continue the Tradition of Innovation and Renewable Energy
King David Kalākaua had the foresight to see the benefits of electricity, and his work was instrumental in its widespread adoption in the Hawaiian kingdom and abroad. From its earliest days and into the modern era, Hawaii has employed renewable energy sources. Skyrocketing oil costs over the last century incited our leaders to pursue alternative forms of energy, and we are seeing the same situation today.
We should demand of our legislature and our governor — the leaders we elect to serve our best interests — that they be as forward thinking as our monarchs when it comes to energy technology, policy, economics, and the future of Hawaii. We have an abundance of renewable energy sources, and we only do ourselves, our children, and our forebears a disservice not to put those alternative energy routes to their greatest use.
References and Further Reading